1. John Summerson, The Classical Language of Architecture (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1963); and Charles Jencks, The Language of Postmodern Architecture (New York: Rizzoli, 1977), take two very different but influential approaches to architecture as language. The association of architecture with language is also explored in Esra Akcan, Architecture in Translation: Germany, Turkey and the Modern House (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2012). For the inaccessibility of historicism to the general public see Kathleen James-Chakraborty, German Architecture for a Mass Audience (London: Routledge, 2000).
2. Daniel Coslett, ed., Neocolonialism and Built Heritage: Echoes of Empire in Africa, Asia, and Europe (Abingdon: Routledge, 2020).
3. Edward Said, Orientalism (New York: Pantheon, 1978). For the genealogy of Said’s approach, see Robert J. C. Young, Postcolonialism: An Historical Introduction (Oxford and Malden, MA: Blackwell, 2001).
4. Jencks, The Language of Postmodern Architecture.
5. Robert Venturi, Denise Scott Brown, and Steven Izenour, Learning From Las Vegas (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1972).
6. See Robert Grant Irving, Indian Summer: Lutyens, Baker and Imperial Delhi (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1982) and the less scholarly but more widely read Jan Morris, Stones of Empire: Buildings of the Raj (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983). Early exceptions include Norma Evenson, The Indian Metropolis: A View Towards the West (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1989) and Thomas Metcalf, An Imperial Vision: Indian Architecture and Britain’s Raj (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989).
7. For example, John Sweetman, The Oriental Obsession: Islamic Inspiration in British and American Art and Architecture, 1500–1920 (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1988).
8. Aimé Césaire, Discourse on Colonialism, trans. Joan Pinkham (New York: Monthly Review Press, 1972); Frantz Fanon, Black Skin, White Masks, trans. Charles Lam Markmann (London: Pluto Press, 1986); Arjun Appadurai, Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1996); Homi K. Bhabha, The Location of Culture (London: Routledge, 1994); Dipesh Chakrabarty, Provincializing Europe (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2000); Partha Chatterjee, The Nation and its Fragments (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1993); and Ranajit Guha and Gayatri Spivak, Selected Subaltern Studies (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988).
9. The most influential texts were two collections of Walter Benjamin’s work, Illuminations: Essays and Reflections, ed. Hannah Ahrendt, trans. Harry Zohn (New York: Schocken Books, 1969), and Reflections: Essays, Aphorisms, Autobiographical Writings, ed. Peter Demetz (New York: Schocken Books, 1986); and Michel Foucault, Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison, trans. Alan Sheridan (New York: Pantheon, 1977). The latter was originally published in 1975.
10. Pierre Bourdieu, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, trans. Richard Nice (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1984). Originally published 1979.
11. Zeynep Çelik, “Le Corbusier, Orientalism, Colonialism,” Assemblage 14 (1992): 58–77.
12. Henri Lefebvre, The Production of Space, trans. Douglas Nicolson-Smith (Oxford: Blackwell, 1991), originally published 1974; David Harvey, The Urban Experience (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1989); and Denis Cosgrove, The Palladian Landscape: Geographical Change and its Cultural Representations in Sixteenth-Century Italy (University Park, PA: Penn State University Press, 1993). See also Łukasz Stanek, Henri Lefebvre on Space, Architecture, Urban Research and the Production of Theory (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2011).
13. See C. T. Wong and G. Nalbantoglu, Postcolonial Spaces (New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1997) for an early study that spanned both domains.
14. Sheila S. Blair and Jonathan M. Bloom, The Art and Architecture of Islam, 1250–1800 (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1996). They also ignore the art and architecture of Southeast Asia, where Islam apparently arrived too late to be the “authentic” expression of the region.
15. Four such books have won the Spiro Kostof Award from Society of Architectural Historians. They are Gülru Necipolgu, The Topkapi Scroll: Geometry and Ornament in Islamic Architecture (Santa Monica: The Getty Center, 1995); Heghnar Z. Watenpaugh, The Image of an Ottoman City: Imperial Architecture and Urban Experience in Aleppo in the 16th and 17th Centuries (Boston: Koninklijke Brill, 2004); Zeynep Çelik, Empire, Architecture, and the City: French–Ottoman Encounters (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2008); and Cigdem Kafescioglu, Constaninopolis/Istanbul: Cultural Encounter, Imperial Vision, and the Construction of the Ottoman Capital (University Park, PA: Penn State University Press, 2009). See also Gülru Necipoglu, The Age of Sinan: Architectural Culture in the Ottoman Empire (London: Reaktion Books, 2010); and Ünver Rüstem, Ottoman Baroque: The Architectural Refashioning of Eighteenth-Century Istanbul (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019).
16. Zeynep Çelik, The Remaking of Istanbul: Portrait of an Ottoman City in the Nineteenth Century (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1986); Sibel Zandi-Sayek, Ottoman Izmir: The Rise of a Cosmopolitan Port (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2011); and Peter Christensen, Germany and the Ottoman Railroads: Art, Empire, and Infrastructure (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2017).
17. Two key early works were Ebba Koch, Mughal Architecture: An Outline of its History and Development (Munich: Prestel, 1991); and Catherine B. Asher, Architecture of Mughal India (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1992). Later examples include Chanchal B. Dadlani, From Stone to Paper: Architecture as History in the Late Mughal Empire (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2019); and Sugata Ray, Climate Change and the Art of Devotion: Geoaesthetics in the Land of Krishna, 1550–1850 (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2019).
18. Sussan Babaie, Isfahan and its Palaces: Statecraft, Shi’ism and the Architecture of Conviviality in Early Modern Iran (Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh Press, 2008).
19. Nancy Steinhardt, China’s Early Mosques (Edinburgh: University of Edinburgh Press, 2015); and Nancy Steinhardt, Chinese Architecture: A History (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2019).
20. Karin Hofmeister and Bernd-Stefan Grewe, eds., Luxury in Global Perspective, Objects and Practices, 1600–2000 (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2016); Zoltán Biedermann, Anne Gerritson, and Giorgio Riello, eds., Global Gifts: The Material Culture of Diplomacy in Early Modern Eurasia (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2018). See also Gülru Necipoglu and Alina Payne, Histories of Ornament: From Global to Local (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2016).
21. Daniel S. Walker, ed., Flowers Underfoot: Carpets of the Mughal Era (New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art, 1997); and Kris Lane, Colour of Paradise: The Emerald in the Age of Gunpowder Empires (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010).
22. Maxine Berg, Luxury and Pleasure in Eighteenth-Century Britain (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007). See also Giorgio Riello, Cotton: The Fabric That Made the Modern World (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2013), and William R. Sargent, ed., Treasures of Chinese Export Porcelain from the Peabody Essex Museum (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2012).
23. J. M. Mancini, Art and War in the Pacific World: Making, Breaking, and Taking From Anson’s Voyage to the Philippine–American War (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2018).
24. Louis P. Nelson, Architecture and Empire in Jamaica (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2016) for an important exception. For the architecture of enslavement in the United States see Clifton Ellis and Rebecca Ginsburg, eds., Cabin, Quarter, Plantation: Architecture and Landscapes of North America (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2010) and Clifton Ellis and Rebecca Ginsburg, eds., Slavery in the City: Architecture and Landscapes of Urban Slavery in North America (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2017).
25. Samuel Edgerton, Theaters of Conversion: Religious Architecture and Indian Artisans in Colonial Mexico (Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2001); Susan Verdi Webster, “Masters of the Trade: Native Artisans, Guilds, and the Construction of Colonial Quito,” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 68 (2009): 10–29; and Gauvin Bailey, Andean Hybrid Baroque: Convergent Cultures in the Churches of Colonial Peru (South Bend, IN: University of Notre Dame Press, 2010).
26. Dell Upton, Holy Things and Profane: Anglican Parish Church Architecture (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1987); and Dell Upton, “White and Black Landscapes in Eighteenth-Century Virginia,” Places 2, no. 2 (1985): 59–72.
27. Fernando Ortiz, Cuban Counterpoint: Tobacco and Sugar (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 1995) laid the foundation for such work in 1940, when this work was originally published.
28. Daniel Mauldin and Bernard L. Herman, eds., Building the Atlantic World: Spaces, Places, and Material Culture, 1600–1850 (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2018); and Conor Lucey, Building Reputations: Architecture and the Artisan, 1750–1830 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2018).
29. G. A. Bremner, Imperial Gothic: Religious Architecture and Anglican Culture in the British Empire, 1840–1870 (London: Yale University Press, 2013); and G. A. Bremner, ed., Architecture and Urbanism in the British Empire (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016).
30. Some of this variety can be found in the pages of ABE Journal: Architecture Beyond Europe. See also Itohan Osayimwese, Colonialism and Modern Architecture in Germany (Pittsburg, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2017).
31. Adrian Forty, Concrete and Culture: A Material History (London: Reaktion, 2012); Peter Christensen, Materialized: German Steel in Global Ecology (University Park, PA: Penn State Press, 2022).
32. Hollyamber Kennedy, Modernism’s Politics of Land: Settlement Colonialism and Migrant Mobility in the German Empire, From Prussian Poland to German Namibia, 1884–1918 (PhD dissertation, Columbia University, 2019); and Finola O’Kane and Ciarán O’Neill, eds., Ireland, Slavery and the Caribbean: Interdisciplinary Perspectives (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2021).
33. Paul Rabinow, French Modern: Norms and Forms of the Social Environment (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1991); and Gwendolyn Wright, The Politics of Design in French Colonial Urbanism (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991).
34. Brian McLaren, Architecture and Tourism in Italian Colonial Libya: An Ambivalent Modernism (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2006).
35. Tom Avermaete, ed., Colonial Modern: Aesthetics of the Past, Rebellions for the Future (London: Black Dog, 2010).
36. Zeynep Çelik, Urban Forms and Confrontation: Algiers under French Rule (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1997); Sheila Crane, “Rewriting the Battle of Algiers: Ephemeral Tactics in the City at War,” Space and Culture 18 (2015): 387–410; and Samia Henni, Architecture of Counterrevolution: The French Army in Northern Algeria (Zurich: gta Publishers, 2018).
37. For the case of neighboring Sri Lanka see Anoma Pieris, Architecture and Nationalism in Sri Lanka: The Trouser under the Cloth (London: Routledge, 2012).
38. Arindam Dutta, The Bureaucracy of Beauty: Design in the Age of its Global Reproducibility (London: Routledge, 2006). See also Jyoti Hosagrahar, Indigenous Modernities: Negotiating Architecture and Urbanism (London: Routledge, 2005).
39. Swati Chattopadhyay, Representing Calcutta: Modernity, Nationalism, and the Colonial Uncanny (London: Routledge, 2005).
40. Vikramaditya Prakash, “The Jeypore Portfolio of Architectural Details,” in Colonial Modernities: Building, Dwelling and Architecture in British India and Ceylon, ed. Vikramaditya Prakash and Peter Scriver (London: Routledge, 2007), 115–125. See also Janaki Nair, Mysore Modern: Rethinking the Region Under Princely Rule (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2011).
41. Madhuri Desai, Benares Reconstructed: Architecture and Sacred Spaces in a Hindu Holy City (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2017).
42. Preeti Chopra, A Joint Enterprise: Indian Elites and the Making of British Bombay (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2011).
43. Venugopal Maddipati, Gandhi and Architecture: A Time for Low-Cost Housing: On the Philosophy of Finitude (London: Routledge, 2020).
44. Peter Scriver, “Empire-Building and Thinking in the Public Works Department of British India,” in Colonial Modernities, ed. Vikramaditya Prakash and Peter Scriver, 69–92; and Mrinalini Rajagopalan, Building Histories: The Archival and Affective Lives of Five Monuments in Modern Delhi (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2017).
45. Anthony King, The Bungalow: The Production of a Global Culture (London: Routledge, 1984).
46. Kathryn O’Rourke, “Researching the Alamo,” Texas Architect, July/August 2017; and Lloyd deWitt, ed., Thomas Jefferson, Architect: Palladian Models, Democratic Principles, and the Conflict of Ideals (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2019).
47. Sibyl Moholy Nagy, Native Genius in Anonymous Architecture (New York: Horizon Press, 1957); Bernard Rudofsky, Architecture Without Architects (New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1964); and Robert McCarter, Aldo van Eyck (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015).
48. See Timothy Mitchell, The Rule of Experts: Egypt, Techno-Politics, Modernity (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991), 184–195, for a powerful critique of this view of Fathy.
49. Steven Nelson, From Cameroon to Paris: Mousgoum Architecture in and out of Africa (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2007).
50. Rosie Llewellyn-Jones, Very Ingenious Man: Claude Martin in Early Colonial India (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1992); and Trevor H. J. Marchand, “The Djenné Mosque: World Heritage and Social Renewal in a West African Town,” in Religious Architecture: Anthropological Perspectives, ed. Oskar Verkaalk (Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2013), 117–148.
51. Alona Nitzan-Shiftan, “Local Layering of Global Conditions: A Methodological Perspective,” in Global Modernism and the Postcolonial: Rethinking Architectural History, ed. Vikramāditya Prakāsh, Maristella Casciato, and Daniel E. Coslett (London: Routledge, 2022).
52. Lawrence J. Vale, Architecture, Power, and National Identity (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992).
53. Eastern Europe and Ireland lie outside the scope of this article, but the former is addressed in the pages of Centropa: A Journal of Central European Architecture and Related Arts, published between 2001 and 2015.
54. Vikramaditya Prakash, Chandigarh’s Le Corbusier: The Struggle for Modernity in Postcolonial India (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2002); and Markus Daechsel, Islamabad and the Politics of International Development in Pakistan (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2015).
55. Sibel Bozdoğan, Modernism and Nation Building: Turkish Architectural Culture in the Early Republic (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2001) is the classic account. For Brazil see, for instance, Zilah Quezado Deckker, Brazil Built: The Architecture of the Modern Movement in Brazil (London: Routledge, 2001); and Richard Williams, Brazil: Modern Architectures in History (London: Reaktion, 2009).
56. Peter Minosh, “Architectural Remnants and Mythical Traces of the Haitian Revolution,” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 77 (2018): 410–427.
57. This became even more explicit slightly later, as demonstrated in Fabiola López-Durán, Eugenics in the Garden: Transatlantic Architecture and the Crafting of Modernity (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2018). See also Arturo Almandoz, ed., Planning Latin America’s Capital Cities, 1850–1950 (London: Routledge, 2002); and Joseph H. Hartman, Dictator’s Dreamscape: How Architecture and Vision Built Machado’s Cuba and Invented Modern Havana (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2019).
58. Fred W. Peterson, Homes in the Heartland: Balloon Frame Farmhouses of the Upper Midwest, 1850–1920 (Lawrence: University Press of Kansas, 1992).
59. Robert Bruegmann, The Architects and the City: Holabird and Roche of Chicago, 1880–1918 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997); and Luiz E. Carranza and Fernando Luiz Lara, Modern Architecture in Latin America: Art, Technology and Utopia (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2015).
60. Reyner Banham, A Concrete Atlantis: U.S. Industrial Building and European Modern Architecture (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1989); and Anthony Alofsin, Frank Lloyd Wright: The Lost Years, 1910–1922: A Study of Influence (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994).
61. Jane C. Loeffler, The Architecture of Diplomacy: Building America’s Embassies (New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 1998); Annabel Jane Wharton, Building the Cold War: Hilton Hotels and Modern Architecture (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001); Greg Castillo, Cold War on the Home Front: The Soft Power of Midcentury Design (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2010); and Eva Franch i Gilabert, Ana Milijacki, Ashley Schafer, Michael Kubo, eds., OfficeUS Atlas (Zurich: Lars Müller, 2014).
62. Kathryn O’Rourke, Modern Architecture in Mexico City: History, Representation, and the Shaping of a Capital (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2017); and Zeuler R. M. de A. Lima, Lina Bo Bardi (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2013).
63. Keith Eggener, Luis Barragan’s Gardens of El Pedregal (New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2001).
64. Fernando Luiz Lara, The Rise of Popular Modernist Architecture in Brazil (Gainesville: University of Florida Press, 2008).
65. Barry Bergdoll, Carlos Comas, Jorge Francisco Liernur, and Patricio del Real, eds., Latin America in Construction (New York: Museum of Modern Art, 2015); and Carranza and Lara, Modern Architecture in Latin America.
66. Mark Crinson, Modern Architecture and the End of Empire (Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2003).
67. Ola Uduku, “Modernist Architecture and the ‘Tropical’ in West Africa,” Habitat International 30 (2005): 396–411; Hannah Le Roux, “Building on the Boundary: Modern Architecture in the Tropics,” Social Identities: Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture 10 (2004): 439–453; Jiat-Hwee Chang, A Genealogy of Tropical Architecture: Colonial Networks, Nature and Technoscience (London: Routledge, 2016); and Daniel Barber, Modern Architecture and Climate: Design before Air-Conditioning (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2020).
68. Nikhil Rao, House, but No Garden: Apartment Living in Bombay’s Suburbs, 1898–1964 (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2012).
69. Jörg Stabenow and Ronny Schüler, eds., The Transfer of Modernity: Architectural Modernism in Palestine (1923–1948) (Berlin: Gebr. Mann Verlag, 2019).
70. Eyal Weizman, Hollow Land: Israel’s Architecture of Occupation (London: Verso Books, 2007); and Alona Nitzan-Shiftan, Seizing Jerusalem: The Architecture of Unilateral Unification (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2017).
71. Charles Correa, Housing and Urbanization: Building Solutions for People and Cities (London: Thames & Hudson, 2000); Zhongjle Lin, Kenzo Tange and the Metabolist Movement: Urban Utopias of Modern Japan (London: Routledge, 2010); Mateo Kries, Jolanthe Kugler, and Juhani Pallasmaa, eds., Balkrishna Doshi: Architecture for the People (Weil-am-Rhein, Germany: Vitra, 2019); and Nnamdi Elleh, Architecture and Politics in Nigeria: The Study of a Late Twentieth-Century Enlightenment-Inspired Modernism at Abuja, 1900–2016 (Abingdon: Routledge, 2020).
72. Lauro Cavalcanti and Marta Caldeira, “The Role of Modernists in the Establishment of Brazilian Cultural Heritage,” Future Anterior: Journal of Historic Preservation, History, Theory, and Criticism 6 (2009): 14–31.
73. “Architecture and You,” Marg 1 (1948): 7–16; see also Rachel Lee and Kathleen James-Chakraborty, “Marg Magazine: A Tryst With Architectural Modernity: Modern Architecture as Seen From an Independent India,” ABE Journal: Architecture Beyond Europe 1 (2012). See also Farhan Karim, Of Greater Dignity Than Riches: Austerity and Housing Design in India (Pittsburgh, PA: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2019).
74. Rebecca Ginsburg, At Home With Apartheid: The Hidden Landscapes of Domestic Service in Johannesburg (Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2011); and Łukasz Stanek, Architecture in Global Socialism: Eastern Europe, West Africa, and the Middle East in the Cold War (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2020).
75. Saskia Sassen, The Global City: New York, London, Tokyo (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1991); Abidin Kusno, Behind the Postcolonial: Architecture, Urban Space and Political Cultures in Indonesia (London: Routledge, 2000); Lily Kong and Brenda S. A. Yeoh, eds., The Politics of Landscape in Singapore: Constructions of “Nation” (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2003); and Keller Easterling, Enduring Innocence: Global Architecture and its Political Masquerades (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2007).
76. Edward Denison and Guang Yu Ren, Building Shanghai: The Story of China’s Gateway (New York: Wiley, 2006); Duanfang Lu, Remaking Chinese Urban Form: Modernity, Scarcity and Space, 1949–2005 (London: Routledge, 2006); Charles Musgrove, China’s Contested Capital: Architecture, Ritual and Response in Nanjing (Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2012); and Cole Roskam, Improvised City: Architecture and Governance in Shanghai, 1843–1937 (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2019).
77. Jordan Sand, House and Home in Modern Japan: Architecture, Domestic Space, and Bourgeois Culture, 1880–1930 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asian Center, 2005); and Ken Tadashi Oshima, International Architecture in Interwar Japan: Constructing Kokusai Kenchiku (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 2010).
78. Timothy Mitchell, Colonizing Egypt (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1988); Zeynep Çelik, Displaying the Orient: Architecture of Islam at Nineteenth-Century World’s Fairs (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1992); and Patricia A. Morton, Hybrid Modernities: Architecture and Representation at the 1931 Colonial Exposition, Paris (Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2000).
79. The Centre for the Study of the Legacies of British Slavery provides a database of British slave owners, which ties money earned from slavery to the construction of buildings in Britain. See also Madge Dresser and Andrew Hann, eds., Slavery and the English Country House (Swindon: English Heritage, 2013).
80. Edward Malins, “Indian Influences on English Houses and Gardens at the Beginning of the Nineteenth Century,” Garden History 8 (1980): 46–66.
81. See the three-part article by Deborah Silverman, “Art Nouveau: Art of Darkness,” West 86th 18 (2011): 2–45; 19 (2012): 175–195; and 20 (2013): 3–61, and Ruth Sacks, Congo Style: From Belgian Art Nouveau to Zäire’s Authenticité (PhD dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand, 2017).
82. Finola O’Kane, “What’s in a Name?” in Making Belfield, ed. Finola O’Kane and Ellen Rowley (Dublin: UCD Press, 2020), 150–161.
84. Renee Chow, Suburban Space: The Fabric of Dwelling (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2002); Esra Akcan, Open Architecture: Migration, Citizenship, and the Urban Renewal of Berlin-Kreuzberg by IBA, 1984/87 (Basel: Birkhauser, 2018); and Mirjana Lozanovska, Migrant Housing: Architecture, Dwelling, Migration (London: Routledge, 2019).
85. Louise Story and Stephanie Saul, “Stream of Foreign Wealth Flows to Elite New York Real Estate,” New York Times, February 7, 2015; and Zlata Rodionova, “London Property Market Turned into Money Laundering Safe Haven by Inadequate Supervision, MPs Say,” The Independent, July 15, 2016.
86. Shahed Saleem, The British Mosque: An Architectural and Social History (Swindon: Historic England, 2018); and Azra Aksamija, ed., Architecture of Coexistence: Building Pluralism (Berlin: ArchiTangle, 2020). See also, for context, Kishwar Rizvi, The Transnational Mosque: Architecture and Historical Memory in the Contemporary Middle East (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015).
87. Kathleen James-Chakraborty, Modernism as Memory: Building Identity in the Federal Republic of Germany (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2018).
88. Sarah Lynn Lopez, The Remittance Landscape: Spaces of Migration in Rural Mexico and Urban USA (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015).
89. Gülsüm Baydar Nalbantoglu, “Toward Postcolonial Openings: Rereading Sir Banister Fletcher’s ‘History of Architecture,’” Assemblage 35 (1998): 6–17; Sibel Bozdoğan, “Architectural History in Professional Education: Reflections on Postcolonial Challenges to the Survey Course,” Journal of Architectural Education 52 (1999): 207–215; Panayiota Pyla, “Historicizing Pedagogy: A Critique of Kostof’s A History of Architecture,” Journal of Architectural Education 52 (1999): 215–225; and Gülsüm Baydar Nalbantoglu, “Beyond Lack and Excess: Other Architectures/Other Landscapes,” Journal of Architectural Education 54 (2000): 20–27.
90. Joe Nasr and Mercedes Volait, eds., Urbanism: Imported or Exported (Chichester: Academy Editions, 2003); Duanfang Lu, ed., Third World Modernism: Architecture, Development and Identity (London: Routledge, 2010); and William Siew Wai Lim and Jiat-Hwee Chang, eds., Non West Modernist Past: On Architecture and Modernities (Singapore: World Scientific, 2011).
91. Grey Room 61 (2015).
92. For instance, Murray Fraser, “A Global History of Architecture for an Age of Globalization,” ABE: Architecture Beyond Europe 14/15 (2019).
93. Itohan Osayimwese, “From Postcolonial to Decolonial Architectural History: A Method,” Kritische Berichte 3 (2021).
